Modeling Water Clusters: Spectral Analyses, Gaussian Distribution, and Linear Function during Time

" Our experimental and theoretical studies have consistently revealed the presence of water clusters in various environments, particularly under hydrophobic conditions, where slower hydrogen ion interactions prevail. Crucial methods like Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) method have played a pivotal role in our understanding of these clusters, unveiling their potential medical applications. The stability and behavior of these clusters can be influenced by factors such as metal ions’ presence, leading to stable clusters’ formation." {Credits 1}

" The presence of water clusters is confirmed through various methods. The clusters consist of two, three, four, five, six, and more water molecules. The most stable clusters are accepted to consist of six water molecules. Configurations of up to 30 water molecules are also formed. They are combinations of hexagonal (hexamer) and smaller cluster formations." {Credits 1}

" The Nobel laureate Prigozhine created the theory of dissipative structures [17]. The relationship between dissipative structures and water clusters can be seen as dependencies between systems’ dynamic and non-equilibrium characteristics. For instance, water clusters may self-organize within a water environment under the physical fields and chemical compounds. This is similar to the dynamics of dissipative structures. Thus, we can observe interesting examples of a complex behavior in systems far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Water clusters interact with their environment through the energy exchange, such as the heat absorption or release during the formation or breakdown of hydrogen bonds. This process contributes to maintaining the clusters in a nonequilibrium state akin to dissipative structures." {Credits 1}

" In 1988, Del Guidice, Preparata, and Vitiello described the coherent dynamics structures of water and its implications for biological systems. The investigation proposes that water molecules can exhibit coherence at the quantum level, forming coherent domains or clusters [21]." {Credits 1}

" The Italian team explores the possibility that water molecules can organize into coherent structures, which may have profound implications for under standing various biological phenomena, including the cell signaling, energy transfer, and consciousness. In 2015, Montagnier, Del Guidice, Vitiello et al., performed very interesting experiments on the informational properties of water [22]. The article describes the experimental conditions under which diluted aqueous solutions of bacterial DNA can emit low-frequency electromagnetic signals. Analyses of the effects were shown in [23]." {Credits 1}

" In 2017, McDermott et al. published a paper on structuring chiral water superstructures surrounding DNA under ambient conditions [24]. The publication confirms the results obtained by Montagnier et al. on the effects of information transfer via DNA with magnetic fields [25]. Under ambient conditions, chiral water structures surrounding DNA reflect a process, where water molecules can organize into specific, chiral structures around DNA molecules under ordinary conditions. This implies that the microenvironment around DNA in living cells includes water that is not randomly arranged, but has a specific organized form with stable water structures." {Credits 1}

" In 1996, Liu, Cruzan, and Saykally connected chiral water structures with trimer and pentamer water clusters [26]." {Credits 1}

{Credits 1} 🎪 Ignatov, I., Marinov, Y., Huether, F., Gluhchev, G., & Iliev, M. (2024). Modeling Water Clusters: Spectral Analyses, Gaussian Distribution, and Linear Function during Time. Ukrainian Journal of Physics, 69(9), 632. https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe69.9.632. © 2024 Ukrainian Journal of Physics. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative) definition of open access.