The Influence of 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi Exposure Duration on Sperm Quality and Testicular Histopathology: An Exploration of Peroxidative Injury

" The results indicated that 4h of exposure to 2.45 GHz radiation induced oxidative stress and adversely affected sperm parameters and the testicular ultrastructure. Gradual recovery was observed at 8h, with further improvement at 24h, suggesting the activation of cell repair mechanisms. This was supported by significant changes in testicular organ coefficients, indicating potential recovery. Our findings suggest that Wi-Fi exposure reduces sperm fertility potential, with the body showing limited capacity for complete recovery from the damage." {Credits 1}

{Credits 1} 🎪 Jamaludin, N.; Ibrahim, S.F.; Jaffar, F.H.F.; Zulkefli, A.F.; Osman, K. The Influence of 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi Exposure Duration on Sperm Quality and Testicular Histopathology: An Exploration of Peroxidative Injury. Antioxidants 2025, 14, 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14020179. © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.