A review of the ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF)

" Information was collected from 113 studies from original peer-reviewed publications or from relevant existing reviews. A limited amount of ecological field studies was identified. The majority of the studies were conducted in a laboratory setting on birds (embryos or eggs), small rodents and plants. In 65% of the studies, ecological effects of RF-EMF (50% of the animal studies and about 75% of the plant studies) were found both at high as well as at low dosages. No clear dose–effect relationship could be discerned. Studies finding an effect applied higher durations of exposure and focused more on the GSM frequency ranges." {Credits 1}

{Credits 1} 🎪 Cucurachi, S., Tamis, W. L., Vijver, M. G., Peijnenburg, W. J., Bolte, J. F., & de Snoo, G. R. (2013). A review of the ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). Environment international, 51, 116-140. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.